The aim of this research is to evaluate the attitude of the inhabitants of Bosnia and Herzegovina according to the existing mandatory pension insurance and to evaluate the trust in private insurance. In the focus of the survey are residents who are younger than 50 years old and live in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research was conducted by the method of theoretical analysis and empirical, research method. Empirical research was carried out by collecting data by a survey method in the Google form that was spread through social networks; sorting and grouping of data; data processing by statistical analysis method (descriptive statistics, ANOVA, post hoc test) and interpretation of the obtained data. The questionnaire was used to collect data in the form of a Likert scale for measuring attitudes. The paper presents the results of the research in order to evaluate the attitude of the inhabitants of Bosnia and Herzegovina according to the system of existing mandatory pension insurance and trust in private insurance. Among other results, in accordance with the results of the research, the assessment of the need for implementation of additional system reforms was presented. It was concluded that the inhabitants are almost equally (un)satisfied with the current situation in the pension insurance system. Based on the results of the research, it is possible to completely reject the hypothesis “I do not make enough money to afford myself an investment in private pension insurance.